Wednesday, October 17, 2012

From Scarlet Fever to Pott's Disease- Paul Tuttle


Working in an inner city academic hospital for the last three years has exposed me to many very sick patients.  However, working in Congo with the significant malnutrition, lack of routine medical care, extreme poverty, and existence of tropical diseases has given the term “pathology” a whole new meaning.  I have felt more enlarged spleens and livers here in one day then in the last year at Saint Louis University.  

A few days ago we saw a child who complained of a sore throat for the last few weeks.  She had been seen in an outlying community health center and only took a few days of amoxicillin due to a rash that started after the initiation of amoxicillin.  She still complained of a sore throat and had a faint rough nonerythematous rash on her trunk with a few areas of desquamation.  We were suspicious for scarlet fever from what sounded like an inadequately treated strep throat and told the patient to return the next day after starting a course of erythromycin.  The next day she had significant desquamation of her distal extremities as well as her axillary and inguinal folds that was accompanied with a “strawberry” tongue.  This was a textbook presentation of scarlet fever, a disease process that we do not see in the United States due to the widespread use and--some would argue--overuse of antibiotics.  

Then there was the 2 year old child who slowly lost her ability to walk.  She was seen by a doctor in the capital city and given medication for malaria without help.  Her mother brought her to the countryside hospital of Vanga for further evaluation with its reputation as being one of the best hospitals in the country.  She had a small kyphotic deformity of her upper spine with signs of upper motor neuron injury and was subsequently diagnosed with tuberculosis of the spine otherwise known as Pott’s disease.  She is responding well to treatment and is a very cute little girl!  We are praying that she will recover her ability to walk as treatment progresses and the infection is better controlled.

On the internal medicine service, we saw a middle aged female who had presented with shortness of breath.  Her chest xray showed a heart that filled up almost two thirds of her chest cavity with an echocardiogram showing a very large pericardial effusion that was found to be due to tuberculosis.  Then there was the middle aged women with an amoebic hepatic abscess being treated conservatively with anti-parasitic medication or the man who was paralyzed from the waist down after suffering a spinal compression fracture from falling out of a tree while collecting food.  To make the situation even worse for this gentlemen the local custom is to put the paralyzed person’s feet in the fire in order to try to regain the ability to walk.  He now has a third degree burn on his foot with exposed bone and will probably need an amputation in the near future due to the infected bone.

Last week, there was a small party consisting of bottled Fanta and Coke with fresh peanuts and rolls.  This was to celebrate the start of a national research trial for a new medication for the treatment of trypanosomiasis, which is otherwise called “African sleeping sickness.”  African trypanosomiasis is an almost universally fatal disease if left untreated with the highest number of cases found in Congo.  There is great hope that this new medication will be as efficacious as the old medications but with less side effects.

Yesterday, we saw a very sad case of gram negative bacterial meningitis in a 5 year old.  The child is doing better with antibiotics and steroids but will likely have some neurological damage. 

There are many sad stories but there are also many encouraging stories such as the young boy with severe tetanus who gives me a big smile and high five whenever I see him in the pediatric ward or the man who praises God for his improvement after antibiotics and debridement for his extensive lower extremity necrotizing fasciitis or “flesh eating bacteria” infection.  The Lord has poured out His grace and mercy in many real and tangible ways.  The faithful hospital staff display the hope and promises of Jesus Christ everyday.  We may be limited in our diagnostic ability, limited in the availability or affordability of medications, limited in the various treatments, but we are not limited in what God can do physically or spiritually.  Jesus, the Great Physician, came into this world to not just heal physical maladies but to heal us spiritually by making us right with God.  He has promised to wash away our sins as far as the east is from the west (Psalm 103:12) and to complete the good work that he has started in us (Phil 1:6).

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